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Genome-wide SNP data and mitochondrial HVR-1 nucleotide sequence reveal the origin of the Akhal-Teke horse |
Zhoucairang Kang1 
, Jinping Shi1
, Ting Liu1
, Yong Zhang2
, Quanwei Zhang3
, Zhe Liu1
, Jianfu Wang1
, Shuru Cheng1,*
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1College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
2College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
3College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China |
Correspondence:
Shuru Cheng, Tel: +86-18893812449, Fax: +86-0931-7631127, Email: chengsr@gsau.edu.cn
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Received: 8 February 2023 • Revised: 13 March 2023 • Accepted: 10 April 2023 |
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| Abstract |
Objective
The study investigated the origin of the Akhal-Teke horse using genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data and mitochondrial hypervariable region 1 (HVR-1) nucleotide sequences
Methods
Genome-wide SNP data from 22 breeds (481 horses) and mitochondrial HVR-1 sequences from 24 breeds (544 sequences) worldwide to examine the origin of the Akhal-Teke horse. The data were analyzed using principal component analysis, linkage disequilibrium analysis, neighbor-joining dendrograms, and ancestry inference to determine the population relationships, ancestral source, genetic structure, and relationships with other varieties.
Results
A close genetic relationship between the Akhal-Teke horse and horses from the Middle East was found. Analysis of mitochondrial HVR-1 sequences showed that there were no shared haplotypes between the Akhal-Teke and Tarpan horses, and the mitochondrial data indicated that the Akhal-Teke horse has not historically expanded its group. Ancestral inference suggested that Arabian and Caspian horses were the likely ancestors of the Akhal-Teke horse.
Conclusion
The Akhal-Teke horse originated in the Middle East.
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| Keywords:
Akhal-Teke horse; Central Asia; Middle East; mitochondrial HVR-1; SNP |
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