Change in intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity is a hallmark of antibiotic-induced intestinal dysbiosis

Dissanayake, Wijesooriya  Mudhiyanselage Nadeema; Chandanee, Malavige Romesha; Lee, Sang-Myeong; Heo, Jung Min; Yi, Youngjoo

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Anim Biosci > Accepted Articles

Article

https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.23.0052 [Accepted] Published online May 4, 2023.

Change in intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity is a hallmark of antibiotic-induced intestinal dysbiosis

Wijesooriya Mudhiyanselage Nadeema Dissanayake¹

, Malavige Romesha Chandanee¹

, Sang-Myeong Lee²

, Jung Min Heo³

, Youngjoo Yi^1,*

¹Department of Agricultural Education, College of Education, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
²Laboratory of Veterinary Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
³College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea

Correspondence: Youngjoo Yi, Tel: +82-1086954344, Email: yiyj@scnu.ac.kr

Received: 15 February 2023 • Revised: 8 March 2023 • Accepted: 7 April 2023

Abstract

Objective
Intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) maintains intestinal homeostasis by detoxifying bacterial endotoxins and regulating gut microbiota, and lipid absorption. Antibiotics administered to animals can cause gut dysbiosis and barrier disruption affecting animal health. Therefore, the present study sought to investigate the role of IAP in the intestinal environment in dysbiosis.
Methods
Young male mice aged 9 weeks were administered a high dose of antibiotics to induce dysbiosis. They were then sacrificed after 4 weeks to collect the serum and intestinal organs. The IAP activity in the ileum and the level of cytokines in the serum samples were measured. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of RNA from the intestinal samples was performed using primers for tight junction proteins (TJPs) and proinflammatory cytokines. The relative intensity of IAP and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in intestinal samples was evaluated by western blotting.
Results
IAP activity was significantly lower in the ileum samples of the dysbiosis-induced group compared to the control. The IL-1ꞵ, IL-6, and TNF-α concentrations were significantly higher in the ileum samples of the dysbiosis-induced group. The RNA expression levels of TJP2, claudin-3, and claudin-11 showed significantly lower values in the intestinal samples from the dysbiosis-induced mice. Results from western blotting revealed that the intensity of IAP expression was significantly lower in the ileum samples of the dysbiosis-induced group, while the intensity of TLR4 expression was significantly higher compared to that of the control group without dysbiosis.
Conclusion
IAP activity and relative mRNA expression of the TJPs decreased, while the levels of proinflammatory cytokines increased, which can affect intestinal integrity and the function of the intestinal epithelial cells. This suggests that IAP is involved in mediating the intestinal environment in dysbiosis induced by antibiotics and is an enzyme that can potentially be used to maintain the intestinal environment in animal health care.

Keywords: Alkaline Phosphatase; Cytokines; Dysbiosis; Monogastric Animals; Tight Junction Proteins