Animut G, Puchala R, Goetsch AL, Patra AK, Sahlu T, Varel VH, Wells J. 2008. Methane emission by goats consuming different sources of condensed tannins. Anim Feed Sci Technol 144:228–241.
AOAC. 1995. Official Method of Analysis. 16th edAnimal Feeds: Association of Official Analytical Chemists; Arlington, VA, USA:
Beauchemin KA, Kreuzer M, O’Mara F, McAllister TA. 2008. Nutritional management for enteric methane abatement: a review. Aust J Exp Agric 48:21–27.
Burns RE. 1971. Method for estimation of tannin in the grain sorghum. Agron J 63:511–512.
Chen XB, Gomes MJ. 1995. Estimation of microbial protein supply to sheep and cattle based on urinary excretion of purine derivative-an overview of the technique details. Occasional Publication 1992International Feed Resources Unit, Rowett Research Institute; Aberdeen, UK:
Chen XB, Hovell FDDeB, Ørskov ER, Brown DS. 1990. Excretion of purine derivatives by ruminants: effect of exogenous nucleic acid supply on purine derivative excretion by sheep. Br J Nutr 63:131–142.
Chen XB, Kyle DJ, Ørskov ER. 1993. Measurement of allantoin in urine and plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with pre-column derivatization. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 617:241–247.
Crocker CL. 1967. Rapid determination of urea nitrogen in serum or plasma without deproteinization. Am J Med Technol 33:361–365.
Dentinho MTP, Belo AT, Bessa RJB. 2014. Digestion, ruminal fermentation and microbial nitrogen supply in sheep fed soybean meal treated with
Cistus ladanifer L. tannins. Small Rumin Res 119:57–64.
Dey A, Dutta N, Sharma K, Pattanaik AK. 2008. Effect of dietary inclusion of
Ficus infectoria leaves as a protectant of proteins on the performance of lambs. Small Rumin Res 75:105–114.
Galyean M. 1989. Laboratory Procedure in Animal Nutrition Research. Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University; Lubbock TX, USA:
Gunun P, Anantasook N, Wanapat M, Sirilaophaisan S, Cherdthong A, Wachirapakorn C, Yuangklang C. 2014. Effect of Mao (Antidesma thwaitesianum Mull. Arg.) seed supplementation on in vitro rumen protozoal population and digestibility using a gas production technique. Khon Kaen Agr J 42:Suppl 447–53.
Hernandez P, Salem AZM, Lopez S, Sun XZ, Rojo R, Camacho LM, Elghandour MMY, Gonzalez-Ronquillo M. 2014. Influence of
Salix babylonica and
Leucaena Leucocephala leaf extracts on ruminal fermentation characteristics, urinary purine derivative excretion and microbial protein synthesis. Livest Sci 163:80–84.
Hristov AN, Jouany J-P. 2005. Factors affecting the efficiency of nitrogen utilization in the rumen. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Nutrition of Cattle: Reducing the Environmental Impact of Cattle Operations. Pfeffer E, Hristov AN, editorsCAB International; Wallingford, UK: p. 117–166.
Jayanegara A, Togtokhbayar N, Makkar HPS, Becker K. 2009. Tannins determined by various methods as predictors of methane production reduction potential of plants by an
in vitro rumen fermentation system. Anim Feed Sci Technol 150:230–237.
Kwon JH, Belanger JMR, Pare JRJ, Yaylayan VA. 2003. Application of the microwave-assisted process (MAPTM) to the fast excretion of ginseng saponins. Food Res Int 36:491–498.
Landau S, Silanikove N, Nitsan Z, Barkai D, Baram H, Provenza FD, Perevolotsky A. 2000. Short-term changes in eating patterns explain the effects of condensed tannins on feed intake in heifers. Appl Anim Behav Sci 69:199–213.
Makkar HPS. 2003. Effects and fate of tannins in ruminant animals, adaptation to tannins, and strategies to overcome detrimental effects of feeding tannin rich feeds. Small Rumin Res 49:241–256.
Moss AR, Jouany JP, Newbold J. 2000. Methane production by ruminants: its contribution to global warming. Anim Res 49:231–253.
Mueller-Harvey I. 2006. Unravelling the conundrum of tannins in animal nutrition and health. J Sci Food Agric 86:2010–2037.
Pathak AK, Dutta N, Banerjee PS, Pattanaik AK, Sharma K. 2013. Influence of dietary supplementation of condensed tannins through leaf meal mixture on intake, nutrient utilization and performance of
Haemonchus contortus infected sheep. Asian Australas J Anim Sci 26:1446–1458.
Patra AK, Saxena J. 2011. Exploitation of dietary tannins to improve rumen metabolism and ruminant nutrition. J Sci Food Agric 91:24–37.
Poungchompu O, Wanapat M, Wachirapakorn C, Wanapat S, Cherdthong A. 2009. Manipulation of ruminal fermentation and methane production by dietary saponins and tannins from mangosteen peel and soapberry fruit. Arch Anim Nutr 63:389–400.
Samuel M, Sagathewan S, Thomus J, Mathen G. 1997. An HPLC method for estimation of volatile fatty acids of rumen fluid. Indian J Anim Sci 67:805–807.
SAS. 1996. User’s Guide: Statistic, Version 5. edn. SAS Institute; Cary, NC, USA:
Soltan YA, Morsy AS, Sallam SM, Lucas RC, Louvandini H, Kreuzer M, Abdalla AL. 2013. Contribution of condensed tannins and mimosine to the methane mitigation caused by feeding
Leucaena leucocephala. Arch Anim Nutr 67:169–184.
Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB, Lewis BA. 1991. Method for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non-starch polysaccharide in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci 74:3583–3597.
Wanapat M, Pimpa O. 1999. Effect of ruminal NH
3-N levels on ruminal fermentation, purine derivatives, digestibility and rice straw intake in swamp buffaloes. Asian Australas J Anim Sci 12:904–907.
Wanapat M, Chanthakhoun V, Phesatcha K, Kang S. 2014. Influence of mangosteen peel powder as a source of plant secondary compounds on rumen microorganisms, volatile fatty acids, methane and microbial protein synthesis. Livest Sci 162:126–133.