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Article
https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.250618    [Accepted] Published online November 10, 2025.
Effect of dietary glycine and betaine on productive performance, liver health, intestinal characteristics, and stress response in aged laying hens under heat stress conditions
Deok Yun Kim1  , Ryun Ha Kim1  , Hyun Woo Kim1  , Ji Hye Lee1  , Dong Yong Kil1,* 
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si Gyeonggi-do , Korea
Correspondence:  Dong Yong Kil, Tel: +82-31-670-3028, Email: dongyong@cau.ac.kr
Received: 27 August 2025   • Revised: 2 October 2025   • Accepted: 6 November 2025
Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary glycine (Gly) and betaine (Bet) on productive performance, egg quality, liver health, intestinal characteristics, and stress response in aged laying hens under heat stress (HS) conditions.
Methods
A total of 384 aged laying hens were allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, including 2 supplemental levels of Gly (0 and 0.65%) and Bet (0 and 0.20%) in diets. Each treatment had 8 replicates. All hens were exposed to a cyclic HS condition at 31.7 ± 1.7°C for 8 hour/day and 27.2 ± 1.3°C for the remaining time during a 12-week feeding trial.
Results
No main and interactive effects of dietary Gly and Bet supplementation were identified for productive performance and egg quality in aged laying hens under HS conditions. However, for the main effects, Gly supplementation decreased liver color score (p < 0.01) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (p < 0.05), while Bet supplementation also decreased liver MDA levels (p < 0.05). An improvement in intestinal barrier function (p < 0.01) and a decrease in feather corticosterone concentrations (p  < 0.01) were observed by individual and combined supplementation of Gly and Bet. However, combined supplementation of Gly and Bet showed no synergistic benefits over individual supplementation.
Conclusion
Dietary supplementation of 0.65% Gly and 0.20% Bet improved liver health, intestinal barrier function, and reduced stress responses in aged laying hens under HS conditions with little interactive effects of their combined supplementation.
Keywords: Aged laying hen; Betaine; Glycine; Heat stress; Productive performance; Stress response
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