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Combined supplementation with probiotics and enzymes regulates the performance and microbiota of goats |
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Jiawei Lu1, Zili Chen1,2, Feng Wang1, Honghui Lu3, Yanli Zhang1,* |
1Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
2Agricultural Comprehensive Law Enforcement Brigade of Rudong County, Rudong, China
3Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station of Haimen District, Nantong, China |
Correspondence:
Yanli Zhang, Tel: +86-025-84395381, Email: zhangyanli@njau.edu.cn
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Received: 27 February 2025 • Revised: 7 May 2025 • Accepted: 29 May 2025 |
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| Abstract |
Objective
This study aimed to explore the effects of B. subtilis C-3102, B. licheniformis SF5-1, and enzyme supplementation on the growth performance, immunity, and rumen microbiota of fattening goats.
Methods
Thirty healthy Yangtze River Delta white goats (body weight: 14.36 ± 2.24 kg) were randomly divided into 3 groups with ten goats in each group. The groups were as follows: control group (CON); probiotics group (PRO); and combination group (COM). The feed period lasted for 80 days after a 20-day preparation period. Consequently, growth performance, slaughter performance, serum indexes, rumen fermentation parameters, and microbiota were assessed in goats with added B. subtilis C-3102, B. licheniformis, and a multi-enzyme complex.
Results
The results indicated that supplementation with B. subtilis C-3102, B. licheniformis SF5-1, and a combination with a multi-enzyme complex significantly improved the growth performance (p < 0.05) and the GR value (p = 0.001). Compared with the CON group, PRO and COM groups significantly increased the contents of TNF-α (p < 0.05) and IL-10 (p < 0.01) in the serum, the PRO group significantly increased the isobutyrate concentration of rumen fluid (p < 0.05), the COM group significantly increased the abundance of Ruminococcus_1 and Succiniclastium (p < 0.01), the COM group greatly enriched nitrogen metabolism, glycolysis, and TCA cycle (p < 0.05), in contrast, nucleotides biosynthesis was notably reduced (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Supplementing goats with B. subtilis C-3102, B. licheniformis SF5-1, and multi-enzyme complex improved the performance and immunity of the goats via regulating the rumen microbiota. |
| Keywords:
Goat; Bacillus; Enzyme Preparation; Growth Performance; Volatile Fatty Acid; Rumen Microbiota |
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