Effects of compatibility of Clostridium butyricum and Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant status and cecal microflora of broilers during the starter phase

Zhao, Xu; Zhuang, Jiarong; Zhang, Faling; Li, Hongtao; Yu, juan; Wang, Chengli; Lv, Tengjiao; Li, Qingzhen; Zhang, Jimei

doi:.0.0.0

Article

https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.24.0132 [Accepted] Published online June 27, 2024.

Effects of compatibility of Clostridium butyricum and Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant status and cecal microflora of broilers during the starter phase

Xu Zhao^1,*

, juan Yu^2,*

¹College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi, China
²Linyi Backbone Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Linyi 276036, China, Linyi, China
³Shandong Lonct Enzymes Co., Ltd., Linyi 276400, China, Linyi, China

Correspondence: Xu Zhao, Tel: +86-15161871985, Fax: +86-0539-7258720, Email: kity850814@163.com
juan Yu,Email: yujuan@backbonechina.cn

Received: 29 February 2024 • Revised: 8 May 2024 • Accepted: 20 June 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to determine the effects of compatibility of Clostridium butyricum and Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant status and cecal microflora of broilers during the starter phase.
Methods
A total of 600 1-day-old Ross 308 broilers were randomly divided into two groups with six replicates in each group. Chickens in the control group were fed a basal diet, while chickens in the experimental group were fed a diet supplemented with 2 × 108 CFU/kg of C. butyricum and 1 × 109 CFU/kg of B. subtilis. The experimental period was 21 days.
Results
Addition of C. butyricum and B. subtilis significantly increased (p<0.05) the body weight and liver NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME) activity of broilers, enhanced (p<0.05) the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of broilers. However, the addition of C. butyricum and B. subtilis did not significantly affect the concentrations of triglyceride and total cholesterol in the serum, the activities of fatty acid synthase and acetyl–CoA carboxylase in the liver, the total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase activity and malondialdehyde content in the serum and liver. Besides, microbial analysis revealed that supplementation of C. butyricum and B. subtilis increased (p<0.05) the abundance of Firmicutes such as CHKCI001 and Faecalibacterium, decreased (p<0.05) the abundance of Bacteroidota such as Bacteroides and Alistipes. Spearman correlation analysis confirmed that the above cecal microbiota were closely related to the growth performance of broilers (p<0.05). In addition, simultaneous supplementation of C. butyricum and B. subtilis significant affected (p<0.05) 33 different functional pathways such as lipid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism. This explains the phenomenon of increased growth performance and liver NADP-ME activity in the probiotics group.
Conclusion
The compatibility of C. butyricum and B. subtilis could improve the growth of broilers during the starter phase by changing the cecal microflora.

Keywords: Bacillus subtilis; Broiler; Cecal Microflora; Clostridium butyricum; Growth; Lipid Metabolism