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Swine Nutrition and Feed Technology
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 1999;12(4): 565-572.
https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.1999.565    Published online June 1, 1999.
Effects of Expander Conditioning of Corn- and Sorghum-Based Diets on Pellet Quality and Performance in Finishing Pigs and Lactating Sows
S. L. Johnston, J. D. Hancock, R. H. Hines, G. A. Kennedy, S. L. Traylor, B. J. Chae, In K. Han
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of conditioning (conventional vs expander) core- and sorghum-based diets on production traits for lactating sows and finishing pigs. In Exp. 1, one hundred sixty-eight sows (parity 1-4, PIC line C15) were fed the corn or sorghum grain diets as a meal, standard (steam) conditioned pellets, or expanded pellets to give a 2 X 3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Pellet durability index (PDI) was similar for the sorghum- vs corn-based diets, but increased when diets were expanded pellets for both corn-and sorghum-based diets. The corn-based meal diet supported 3.3% greater litter weight gain than the sorghum-based meal diet (44.0 kg vs 42.8 kg). However, the advantage for the corn-based diet disappeared with expander processing (i.e., sows fed the sorghum-based diet responded more to diets processed with the alternative processing technology). Sow weight change during lactation was similar (p>0.15) among treatments, although average daily feed intake tended to be greater (p<0.09) for the sows fed sorghum. For Exp. 2, a total of 71 barrows (average initial weight of 58.0 kg) were used in a growth assay to determine the effects of feeding corn- and sorghum-based diets, as meal or pellets, after processing with a conventional steam conditioner or an expander (high-shear) conditioner. PDI was not different for the sorghum- vs corn-based diets, but increased from 84 to95% with expander conditioning compared to conventional steam conditioning. Rate and efficiency of gain and carcass leanness were similar for pigs fed sorghum and corn (p>0.15). Efficiency of gain was greater (p<0.04) for pigs fed the pelleted (356 g/kg) diets compared to those given the meal (348 g/kg) diets. However, efficiencies of gain were similar (p>0.11) for pigs fed the conventional- and expander-conditioned diets. Pelleting increased (p<0.01) the incidence and severity of stomach lesions regardless of grain type. In conclusion, corn-based meal diet resulted in a greater litter weight gain than the sorghum-based meal diet. However, that advantage disappeared when the diets were expanded and pelleted. Finishing pigs fed pelleted diets were more efficient than those fed meal diets.
Keywords: Sow; Finishing Pig; Expander; Pellet Quality; Growth Performance; Corn


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