Copra meal as a supplement to cattle offered a low quality native pasture hay

Hennessy, D. W.; Kempton, T. J.; Williamson, P. J.

doi:1989.2.2.77

Article

Ruminant Nutrition and Forage Utilization

Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 1989;2(2): 77-84.
https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.1989.77 Published online June 1, 1989.

Copra meal as a supplement to cattle offered a low quality native pasture hay

D. W. Hennessy, T. J. Kempton, P. J. Williamson

Abstract

Twenty-four Hereford steers, 22 months old and a mean liveweight ( s.e.) of 250 7 kg were used in an experiment to evaluate over 42 days two rates of copra meal supplementation to cattle on a low N (8.6 0.9 g N/kg dry matter (DM)), low digestible (45 5.2% DM) native pasture hay. Steers given the two rates (500, 1000 g/steer/day; i.e. 500C, 1000C) were compared to steers on a non-supplemental diet and to the effects on steers of supplemental urea (30g/steer/day; 30U) or with copra meal (500 g/steer/day; 500C.U), or of cottonseed meal (500 g/steer/day; 500S). Liveweight change was increased (P<0.01) by all of the supplements except by supplemental urea. The most effective treatment, 1000C, increased significantly (P<0.01) liveweight change (946 g/day) in steers above all supplements except those steers given 500C.U (718 g/day). Hay intake per unit liveweight was increased (P<0.05) by 7% by the 30U and 500C.U treatment, and by 9% by 500C; this group having the highest supplements, being greatest (P<0.05) for the 1000C group (6.0 g feed intake/g gain) and least for the 500S supplemented group (11.5 g/g gain). Efficiency was lowest (18.6 g/g gain) for the non-supplemented steers on the basal hay diet. Copra meal N was less degradable (i.e. 29%) in nylon bags over 15 hours in the rumen than was cottonseed meal N (37%), and rumen ammonia concentrations were lower (P<0.05) in cattle supplemented with copra meal (25, 27 mg N/L) than in cattle given urea (36 mg N/L) or cottonseed meal (39 mg N/L). It is concluded that copra meal at a daily rate of 500 g/head, and with rumen soluble nitrogen from urea, is an effective supplement for improving growth of cattle on a low quality forage.

Keywords: Protein Meals; Copra Meal; Cottonseed Meal; Cattle; Low Quality Hay