Influence of direct-fed microbials on ruminal microbial fermentation and performance of ruminants - A Review -
I. K. Yoon (Yoon IK), M. D. Stern (Stern MD)
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 1995;8(6):533-555.   Published online 1995 Dec 1     DOI: https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.1995.553
Citations to this article as recorded by Crossref logo
Biotechnological valorization of fermented soybean meal for sustainable ruminant and non-ruminant feeding: modulating ruminal fermentation, gut or ruminal microflora, immune system, and growth performance
Leila Kaviani Feizi, Jamal Seifdavati, Hassan Rafiee, Fatemeh Rezazadeh, Javier Hernández Meléndez, Ofelia Márquez Molina, Mona M. M. Yasseen Elghandour, Abdelfattah Z. M. Salem
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery.2024; 14(8): 9047.     CrossRef
Effects of direct-fed microbial supplement on ruminal and plasma metabolome of early-lactation dairy cows: Untargeted metabolomics approach
A.O. Oyebade, G.A. Taiwo, Modoluwamu Idowu, T. Sidney, O. Queiroz, A.T. Adesogan, D. Vyas, I.M. Ogunade
Journal of Dairy Science.2024; 107(4): 2556.     CrossRef
Effects of a multistrain Bacillus-based direct-fed microbial on gastrointestinal permeability and biomarkers of inflammation during and following feed restriction in mid-lactation Holstein cows
B.M. Goetz, M.A. Abeyta, S. Rodriguez-Jimenez, J. Opgenorth, J.L. McGill, S.R. Fensterseifer, R.P. Arias, A.M. Lange, E.A. Galbraith, L.H. Baumgard
Journal of Dairy Science.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Histological Study of the Effect of Adding Probiotic Bacteria Loaded on Crushed Date Seeds in the Diets of Awassi Lambs
Ahmed J. Al-Yasery, Muthanna Bashar Abdulaali Al-Saeedi, H. M. Ajeel, Jassim Kassim Al-Gharawi
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.2023; 1225(1): 012043.     CrossRef
The effect of supplementing native rumen microbes on milk production of dairy cows
Katelyn Goldsmith, Josh Lefler, Mallory Embree, Michael J. VandeHaar
JDS Communications.2023; 4(1): 31.     CrossRef
Evaluating performance of beef cattle consuming a supplemental probiotic-prebiotic during the first 21 or 42 days after feedlot arrival
M.N. Homolka, W.N. Smith, T.C. Husz, D.M. Paulus-Compart, J.S. Jennings
Livestock Science.2023; 270: 105096.     CrossRef
Impacts of feeding a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product on productive performance, and metabolic and immunological responses during a feed-restriction challenge of mid-lactation dairy cows
T.N. Marins, F.A. Gutierrez Oviedo, M.L.G.F. Costa, Y.-C. Chen, H. Goodnight, M. Garrick, D.J. Hurley, J.K. Bernard, I. Yoon, S. Tao
Journal of Dairy Science.2023; 106(1): 202.     CrossRef
Site of infusion of a commercially available direct-fed microbial on performance and digestibility in lactating Holstein cows
K.S. Thompson, A.G. McKeith, C.R. Krehbiel
Applied Animal Science.2023; 39(2): 44.     CrossRef
Efficacy of fermented carrot by-product diets on blood profiles, immune responses, and faecal characteristics in fattening pigs
Gyo Moon Chu, Byung Ki Park, Surinder Chauhan
Animal Production Science.2023; 63(8): 773.     CrossRef
Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae live cells and culture on growth and productive performance in lactating Nili-Ravi buffaloes
Mohsin Ali, Saeed Ahmed, Mubashar Ali, Nisar Ahmad, Mohammad Noman Tariq, Muhammad Usman, Ahmad Azeem Sardar
Tropical Animal Health and Production.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
Effects of Bacillus subtilis PB6 supplementation on production, metabolism, inflammatory biomarkers, and gastrointestinal tract permeability in transition dairy cows
B.M. Goetz, M.A. Abeyta, S. Rodriguez-Jimenez, E.J. Mayorga, J. Opgenorth, G.M. Jakes, A.D. Freestone, C.E. Moore, D.J. Dickson, J.E. Hergenreder, L.H. Baumgard
Journal of Dairy Science.2023; 106(12): 9793.     CrossRef
Megasphaera elsdenii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as direct fed microbials and their impact on ruminal microbiome during an acute acidosis challenge in continuous culture
Jose A Arce-Cordero, Ting Liu, Hugo F Monteiro, Kwang C Jeong, Antonio P Faciola
Translational Animal Science.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
Influence of microbial probiotics on ruminant health and nutrition: sources, mode of action and implications
Rine C Reuben, Mona M M Y Elghandour, Othman Alqaisi, John W Cone, Ofelia Márquez, Abdelfattah Z M Salem
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture.2022; 102(4): 1319.     CrossRef
Improved tenderness of beef from bulls supplemented with active dry yeast is related to matrix metalloproteinases and reduced oxidative stress
C.Y. Geng, X. Feng, J.M. Luan, S. Ji, Y.H. Jin, M. Zhang
animal.2022; 16(5): 100517.     CrossRef
Effect of Clostridium butyricum Supplementation on in vitro Rumen Fermentation and Microbiota With High Grain Substrate Varying With Media pH Levels
Peixin Jiao, Ziwei Wang, Xin Wang, Yanan Zuo, Yuqing Yang, Guanghui Hu, Changming Lu, Xiaolai Xie, Li Wang, Wenzhu Yang
Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Combinations of bacterial cultures, exogenous enzymes, and yeast-based feed additives and their impact on ruminal microbiome
J A Arce-Cordero, S L Bennett, T Liu, A Ravelo, R R Lobo, K C Jeong, A P Faciola
Translational Animal Science.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Evaluation of a standardized mixture of synbiotic-glyconutrients as a feed additive in steers fed a finishing diet: Site and extent of digestion, ruminal fermentation, and microbial protein synthesis
V.H. Núñez-Benítez, A. Barreras, A. Estrada-Angulo, B.I. Castro-Pérez, J.D. Urías-Estrada, R.A. Zinn, J.B. Leyva-Morales, A. Plascencia
Livestock Science.2021; 243: 104373.     CrossRef
Evaluating the effects of Lactobacillus animalis and Propionibacterium freudenreichii on performance and rumen and fecal measures in lactating dairy cows
M. Lawrence, S. Polukis, A.M. Barnard, M.A. Miller, L. Kung, T.F. Gressley
Journal of Dairy Science.2021; 104(4): 4119.     CrossRef
Effects of bacterial cultures, enzymes, and yeast-based feed additive combinations on ruminal fermentation in a dual-flow continuous culture system
S L Bennett, J A Arce-Cordero, V L N Brandao, J R Vinyard, B C Agustinho, H F Monteiro, R R Lobo, L Tomaz, A P Faciola
Translational Animal Science.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
Effects of bacterial DFM and tannins on measures of immunity and growth performance of newly weaned beef calves
Claudia Faccio Demarco, Steve Paisley, Richard Goodall, Cassio Cassal Brauner, Scott Lake
Livestock Science.2021; 250: 104571.     CrossRef
Effect of mixed live yeast and lactic acid bacteria on in vitro fermentation with varying media pH using a high-grain or high-forage diet
P.X. Jiao, F.C. Ma, K.A. Beauchemin, O. AlZahal, X.L. Xie, W.Z. Yang, Filippo Miglior
Canadian Journal of Animal Science.2021; 101(2): 370.     CrossRef
Adaptation and withdrawal of feeding dried Aspergillus oryzae fermentation product to dairy cattle and goats on in vitro NDF digestibility of selected forage sources
Ursula C Hymes-Fecht, David P Casper
Translational Animal Science.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
Ruminococcus bovis sp. nov., a novel species of amylolytic Ruminococcus isolated from the rumen of a dairy cow
James Gaffney, Jordan Embree, Sean Gilmore, Mallory Embree
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
The effect of synbiotics and probiotics on the growth performance, gastrointestinal function and health status of turkeys
Krzysztof Lipiński, Magdalena Mazur-Kuśnirek, Zofia Antoszkiewicz, Zbigniew Makowski, Katarzyna Śliżewska, Andrzej Siwicki, Iwona Otrocka-Domagała, Michał Gesek
Archives of Animal Nutrition.2021; 75(5): 376.     CrossRef
Implication and challenges of direct-fed microbial supplementation to improve ruminant production and health
Yajing Ban, Le Luo Guan
Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
Effect of Enterococcus faecium AL41 (CCM8558) and Its Enterocin M on the Physicochemical Properties and Mineral Content of Rabbit Meat
Monika Pogány Simonová, Ľubica Chrastinová, Andrea Lauková
Agriculture.2021; 11(11): 1045.     CrossRef
Inoculation with rumen fluid in early life as a strategy to optimize the weaning process in intensive dairy goat systems
A. Belanche, J.M. Palma-Hidalgo, I. Nejjam, E. Jiménez, A.I. Martín-García, D.R. Yáñez-Ruiz
Journal of Dairy Science.2020; 103(6): 5047.     CrossRef
Recombinant Technologies to Improve Ruminant Production Systems: The Past, Present and Future
Andres Alfredo Pech-Cervantes, Muhammad Irfan, Zaira Magdalena Estrada-Reyes, Ibukun Michael Ogunade
Processes.2020; 8(12): 1633.     CrossRef
Effect of microbial feed additives on growth performance, microbial protein synthesis, and rumen microbial population in growing lambs
Ehsan Direkvandi, Tahereh Mohammadabadi, Abdelfattah Z M Salem
Translational Animal Science.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
Effects and immune responses of probiotic treatment in ruminants
Sarah Raabis, Wenli Li, Laura Cersosimo
Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology.2019; 208: 58.     CrossRef
Oral administration of Megasphaera elsdenii to Jersey cows during early lactation
D. Ye, M.L. Eastridge
The Professional Animal Scientist.2018; 34(1): 67.     CrossRef
Effects of Selected Lactobacillus plantarum as Probiotic on In vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Microbial Population
Wulansih D. Astuti, Komang G. Wiryawa, Elizabeth Wina, Yantyati Widyastuti, Sri Suharti, Roni Ridwan
Pakistan Journal of Nutrition.2018; 17(3): 131.     CrossRef
Effects of a live yeast in natural-program finishing feedlot diets on growth performance, digestibility, carcass characteristics, and feeding behavior1
Lauren A Ovinge, Jhones O Sarturi, Micheal L Galyean, Micheal A Ballou, Sara J Trojan, Pedro R B Campanili, Abdullah A Alrumaih, Lucas A Pellarin
Journal of Animal Science.2018; 96(2): 684.     CrossRef
Invitro Study on the Fluid From Banana Stem Bioprocess as Direct Fed Microbial
B.K. Mutaqin, U.H. Tanuwiria, E. Hernawan
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.2018; 119: 012009.     CrossRef
The role of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics in animal nutrition
Paulina Markowiak, Katarzyna Śliżewska
Gut Pathogens.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
Review: Enhancing gastrointestinal health in dairy cows
J.C. Plaizier, M. Danesh Mesgaran, H. Derakhshani, H. Golder, E. Khafipour, J.L. Kleen, I. Lean, J. Loor, G. Penner, Q. Zebeli
Animal.2018; 12: s399.     CrossRef
In vitro study of postbiotics from Lactobacillus plantarum RG14 on rumen fermentation and microbial population
Wan Ibrahim Izuddin, Teck Chwen Loh, Anjas Asmara Samsudin, Hooi Ling Foo
Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
Animal performance and nutrient digestibility of feedlot steers fed a diet supplemented with a mixture of direct-fed microbials and digestive enzymes
Christian Michael Alvarez Encinas, Guillermo Villalobos Villalobos, Joel Domínguez Viveros, Gabriela Corral Flores, Enrique Alvarez Almora, Francisco Castillo Rangel
Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
The Effect of Peroral Administration of Lactobacillus Fermentum Culture on Dairy Cows Health Indices
Laima Liepa, Māra Viduža
Macedonian Veterinary Review.2018; 41(2): 143.     CrossRef
Impact of strain and dose of lactic acid bacteria on in vitro ruminal fermentation with varying media pH levels and feed substrates
P.X. Jiao, F.Z. Liu, K.A. Beauchemin, W.Z. Yang
Animal Feed Science and Technology.2017; 224: 1.     CrossRef
Response of primiparous and multiparous buffaloes to yeast culture supplementation during early and mid-lactation
Hanne H. Hansen, Nasr E. El-Bordeny, Hossam M. Ebeid
Animal Nutrition.2017; 3(4): 411.     CrossRef
Comparison of two live Bacillus species as feed additives for improving in vitro fermentation of cereal straws
Zuo Wang, Zhixiong He, Karen A. Beauchemin, Shaoxun Tang, Chuanshe Zhou, Xuefeng Han, Min Wang, Jinhe Kang, Nicholas E. Odongo, Zhiliang Tan
Animal Science Journal.2016; 87(1): 27.     CrossRef
Direct-Fed Microbial: Beneficial Applications, Modes of Action and Prospects as a Safe Tool for Enhancing Ruminant Production and Safeguarding Health
Rifat Ullah Khan, Shabana Naz, Kuldeep Dhama, K. Karthik, Ruchi Tiwari, Mutassim M. Abdelrahma, Ibrahim A. Alhidary, Arshad Zahoor
International Journal of Pharmacology.2016; 12(3): 220.     CrossRef
Effect of feeding mixed microbial culture fortified with trace minerals on ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen and trace mineral balance in Sheep
W. S. Kwak, Y. I. Kim, D. Y. Choi, Y. H. Lee
Journal of Animal Science and Technology.2016;[Epub]     CrossRef
Role of probiotics in rumen fermentation and animal performance: A review
Shawle Retta Kassa
International Journal of Livestock Production.2016; 7(5): 24.     CrossRef
Performance of crossbred dairy Friesian calves fed two levels ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae: intake, digestion, ruminal fermentation, blood parameters and faecal pathogenic bacteria
A. A. HASSAN, A. Z. M. SALEM, A. E. KHOLIF, M. SAMIR, M. H. YACOUT, S. H. ABU HAFSA, G. D. MENDOZA, M. M. Y. ELGHANDOUR, M. AYALA, S. LOPEZ
The Journal of Agricultural Science.2016; 154(8): 1488.     CrossRef
Dietary supplementation of a bacteriocinogenic and probiotic strain of Enterococcus faecium CCM7420 and its effect on the mineral content and quality of Musculus longissimus dorsi in rabbits
M. Pogány Simonová, L'. Chrastinová, A. Lauková
Animal Production Science.2016; 56(12): 2140.     CrossRef
Effect of disodium/calcium malate or Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation on growth performance, carcass quality, ruminal fermentation products, and blood metabolites of heifers1
C. Carrasco, P. Medel, A. Fuentetaja, M. J. Ranilla, M. D. Carro
Journal of Animal Science.2016; 94(10): 4315.     CrossRef
Role of live microbial feed supplements with reference to anaerobic fungi in ruminant productivity: A review
Anil K Puniya, Abdelfattah Z M Salem, Sanjay Kumar, Sumit S Dagar, Gareth W Griffith, Monica Puniya, Sreenivas R Ravella, Nikhil Kumar, Tejpal Dhewa, Ravinder Kumar
Journal of Integrative Agriculture.2015; 14(3): 550.     CrossRef
Direct-fed microbes: A tool for improving the utilization of low quality roughages in ruminants
Mona M Y Elghandour, Abdelfattah Z M Salem, Jose S Martínez Castañeda, Luis M Camacho, Ahmed E Kholif, Juan C Vázquez Chagoyán
Journal of Integrative Agriculture.2015; 14(3): 526.     CrossRef
Microbial Feed Supplements for Ruminant’s Performance Enhancement
Hossam H. Azzaz, Tarek A. Morsy, Hussein A. Murad
Asian Journal of Agricultural Research.2015; 10(1): 1.     CrossRef
Effect of Feeding a Mixed Microbial Culture Fortified with Trace Minerals on the Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Late-fattening Hanwoo Steers: A Field Study
W. S. Kwak, Y. I. Kim, S. M. Lee, Y. H. Lee, D. Y. Choi
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences.2015; 28(11): 1592.     CrossRef
The equine gastro-intestinal tract: An overview of the microbiota, disease and treatment
L.M.T. Dicks, M. Botha, E. Dicks, M. Botes
Livestock Science.2014; 160: 69.     CrossRef
Evaluation of fermented Alisma canaliculatum with probiotics as potential feed additives for finishing Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) steers
H. S. Mun, S. T. Ahmed, J. A. Hwang, Y. J. Kim, C. J. Yang
Animal Production Science.2014; 54(8): 1064.     CrossRef
Use of a direct-fed microbial product as a supplement during the transition period in dairy cattle
O. AlZahal, H. McGill, A. Kleinberg, J.I. Holliday, I.K. Hindrichsen, T.F. Duffield, B.W. McBride
Journal of Dairy Science.2014; 97(11): 7102.     CrossRef
Feeding, Evaluating, and Controlling Rumen Function
Ian J. Lean, Helen M. Golder, Mary Beth Hall
Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice.2014; 30(3): 539.     CrossRef
Investigation of Dietary Lysophospholipid (LipidolTM) to Improve Nutrients Availability of Diet with In Vitro Rumen Microbial Fermentation Test
Sangbuem Cho, Dong Hyun Kim, Il Hwan Hwang, Nag-Jin Choi
Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science.2013; 33(3): 206.     CrossRef
Evaluation of a shelf-stable direct-fed microbial for control of Escherichia coli O157 in commercial feedlot cattle
K. Stanford, D. Gibb, T. A. McAllister
Canadian Journal of Animal Science.2013; 93(4): 535.     CrossRef
In vitro assessment of ruminal fermentation characteristics of tropical browse mixtures supplemented with yeast
Caroline C. Wambui, Sada Ando, Shaukat A. Abdulrazak, Isaac M. Osuga, Toshiyoshi Ichinohe
Grassland Science.2012; 58(1): 53.     CrossRef
Effects of Probiotic and Prebiotic on Average Daily Gain, Fecal Shedding of Escherichia Coli, and Immune System Status in Newborn Female Calves
Pezhman Mohamadi Roodposhti, Najafgholi Dabiri
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences.2012; 25(9): 1255.     CrossRef
Effects of Dietary Addition of Bentonite and Probiotics on Meat Characteristics and Health of Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) Steers fed Rice Straw As a Sole Roughage Source (a Field Study)
Wan-Sup Kwak, Sang-Moo Lee, Young-Il Kim
Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science.2012; 32(4): 387.     CrossRef
An evaluation of 10-G brand direct-fed microbial for yearling steers fed finishing diets containing wet distillers grains12
K.L. Neuhold, J.J. Wagner, S.L. Archibeque, T.E. Engle, K.K. Kreikemeier
The Professional Animal Scientist.2012; 28(3): 319.     CrossRef
Review: The use of direct fed microbials to mitigate pathogens and enhance production in cattle
T. A. McAllister, K. A. Beauchemin, A. Y. Alazzeh, J. Baah, R. M. Teather, K. Stanford
Canadian Journal of Animal Science.2011; 91(2): 193.     CrossRef
Measurement and prediction of enteric methane emission
Veerasamy Sejian, Rattan Lal, Jeffrey Lakritz, Thaddeus Ezeji
International Journal of Biometeorology.2011; 55(1): 1.     CrossRef
Effect of Feeding Direct-fed Microbial as an Alternative to Antibiotics for the Prophylaxis of Calf Diarrhea in Holstein Calves
Min-Kook Kim, Hong-Gu Lee, Jeong-Ah Park, Sang-Kee Kang, Yun-Jaie Choi
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences.2011; 24(5): 643.     CrossRef
Effects of the addition of direct-fed microbials and glycerol to the diet of lactating dairy cows on milk yield and apparent efficiency of yield
J. Boyd, J.W. West, J.K. Bernard
Journal of Dairy Science.2011; 94(9): 4616.     CrossRef
Effects of addition of bacterial inoculants to the diets of lactating dairy cows on feed intake, milk yield, and milk composition
J.W. West, J.K. Bernard
The Professional Animal Scientist.2011; 27(2): 122.     CrossRef
Direct-fed Microbials for Ruminant Animals
Ja Kyeom Seo, Seon-Woo Kim, Myung Hoo Kim, Santi D. Upadhaya, Dong Keun Kam, Jong K. Ha
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences.2010; 23(12): 1657.     CrossRef
Isolation of bovine intestinalLactobacillus plantarumandPediococcus acidilacticiwith inhibitory activity againstEscherichia coliO157 and F5
A. Rodriguez-Palacios, H.R. Staempfli, T. Duffield, J.S. Weese
Journal of Applied Microbiology.2009; 106(2): 393.     CrossRef
Selection of a novel direct-fed microbial to enhance weight gain in intensively reared calves
M.C. Adams, J. Luo, D. Rayward, S. King, R. Gibson, G.H. Moghaddam
Animal Feed Science and Technology.2008; 145(1-4): 41.     CrossRef
Effects of direct-fed microbial supplementation on digestibility and fermentation end-products in horses fed low- and high-starch concentrates1
K. L. Swyers, A. O. Burk, T. G. Hartsock, E. M. Ungerfeld, J. L. Shelton
Journal of Animal Science.2008; 86(10): 2596.     CrossRef
Effect of Direct-Fed Microbials on Performance, Diet Digestibility, and Rumen Characteristics of Holstein Dairy Cows
M.L. Raeth-Knight, J.G. Linn, H.G. Jung
Journal of Dairy Science.2007; 90(4): 1802.     CrossRef
Effects of Yeast Culture and Galacto-Oligosaccharides on Ruminal Fermentation in Holstein Cows
B. Mwenya, B. Santoso, C. Sar, B. Pen, R. Morikawa, K. Takaura, K. Umetsu, K. Kimura, J. Takahashi
Journal of Dairy Science.2005; 88(4): 1404.     CrossRef
Influence of prepartum and postpartum supplementation of a yeast culture and monensin, or both, on ruminal fermentation and performance of multiparous dairy cows
L.J. Erasmus, P.H. Robinson, A. Ahmadi, R. Hinders, J.E. Garrett
Animal Feed Science and Technology.2005; 122(3-4): 219.     CrossRef
Desempenho de novilhos suplementados com sais proteinados em pastagem nativa
Marcelo Knorr, Harold Ospina Patino, André Luís Finkler da Silveira, Paulo Roberto Frenzel Mühlbach, Giovanni Matheus Mallmann, Fabio Schuler Medeiros
Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira.2005; 40(8): 783.     CrossRef
Effects of direct-fed microbial supplementation on ruminal acidosis, digestibility, and bacterial protein synthesis in continuous culture
W.Z Yang, K.A Beauchemin, D.D Vedres, G.R Ghorbani, D Colombatto, D.P Morgavi
Animal Feed Science and Technology.2004; 114(1-4): 179.     CrossRef
Effects of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae feed supplement on Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ruminal fluid in vitro
S.J Bach, T.A McAllister, D.M Veira, V.P.J Gannon, R.A Holley
Animal Feed Science and Technology.2003; 104(1-4): 179.     CrossRef
Effects of bacterial direct-fed microbials and yeast on site and extent of digestion, blood chemistry, and subclinical ruminal acidosis in feedlot cattle1,2
K. A. Beauchemin, W. Z. Yang, D. P. Morgavi, G. R. Ghorbani, W. Kautz, J. A. Z. Leedle
Journal of Animal Science.2003; 81(6): 1628.     CrossRef
Microbial status and rumen enzyme profile of crossbred calves fed on different microbial feed additives
N. Agarwal, D.N. Kamra, L.C. Chaudhary, I. Agarwal, A. Sahoo, N.N. Pathak
Letters in Applied Microbiology.2002; 34(5): 329.     CrossRef
Effects of bacterial direct-fed microbials on ruminal fermentation, blood variables, and the microbial populations of feedlot cattle1,2
G. R. Ghorbani, D. P. Morgavi, K. A. Beauchemin, J. A. Z. Leedle
Journal of Animal Science.2002; 80(7): 1977.     CrossRef