|
Item | Zilpaterol sources | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||
None | Zilmax | Grofactor | Zipamix | |
Ingredient composition (%) | ||||
Dry-rolled corn | 64.50 | 64.50 | 64.50 | 64.50 |
Sudan grass hay | 12.00 | 12.00 | 12.00 | 12.00 |
Soybean meal | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 |
Zilpaterol hydrocholride1) | ||||
Zilmax | ---- | +++ | ---- | ---- |
Grofactor | ---- | ---- | +++ | ---- |
Zipamix | ---- | ---- | ---- | +++ |
Molasses cane | 8.00 | 8.00 | 8.00 | 8.00 |
Urea | 0.43 | 0.43 | 0.43 | 0.43 |
Tallow | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 |
Trace mineral salt2) | 2.07 | 2.07 | 2.07 | 2.07 |
DM | 87.55 | 87.55 | 87.55 | 87.55 |
Chemical composition (DM basis) | ||||
Total crude protein (%) | 13.23 | 13.23 | 13.23 | 13.23 |
Ether extract (%) | 5.57 | 5.57 | 5.57 | 5.57 |
NDF (%) | 16.65 | 16.65 | 16.65 | 16.65 |
Calculated net energy3) (Mcal/kg) | ||||
Maintenance | 2.11 | 2.11 | 2.11 | 2.11 |
Gain | 1.44 | 1.44 | 1.44 | 1.44 |
1) Sources of zilpaterol hydrochloride (Zilmax [ZIL, MSD Salud Animal Mexico, Estado de Mexico, Mexico]; Grofactor [GRO, Laboratorios Virbac México, Guadalajara, Mexico], and Zipamix [ZIPA, Pisa Agropecuaria, Guadalajara, Mexico]) were supplemented to provide 6 mg zilpaterol hydrochloride/kg diet (as-fed basis).
2) Mineral premix contained: calcium, 28%; phosphorous, 0.55%; magnesium, 0.58%; potassium, 0.65%; NaCl, 15%; vitamin A, 1,100 IU/kg; vitamin E, 11 UI/kg.
3) Based on tabular net energy (NE) values for individual feed ingredients [10].
Item | Treatments1) | SEM | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
None | Zilmax | Grofactor | Zipamix | ||
Live weight (kg)2) | |||||
Initial | 45.37 | 45.63 | 45.63 | 45.68 | 0.279 |
Final | 50.93a | 54.55b | 54.20b | 54.50b | 0.723 |
Average daily gain (kg) | 0.168a | 0.270b | 0.260b | 0.267b | 0.021 |
Dry matter intake (kg/d) | 1.115 | 1.160 | 1.145 | 1.152 | 0.044 |
ADG/DMI | 0.151a | 0.233b | 0.226b | 0.230b | 0.012 |
Dietary NE (Mcal/kg) | |||||
Maintenance | 2.05a | 2.60b | 2.56b | 2.59b | 0.07 |
Gain | 1.38a | 1.87b | 1.83b | 1.86b | 0.06 |
Observed:expected dietary NE ratio | |||||
Maintenance | 0.97a | 1.23b | 1.21b | 1.23b | 0.03 |
Gain | 0.96a | 1.29b | 1.27b | 1.29b | 0.04 |
Observed to expected DMI | 1.04a | 0.79b | 0.81b | 0.79b | 0.03 |
1) Sources of zilpaterol hydrochloride (Zilmax [ZIL, MSD Salud Animal Mexico, Estado de Mexico, Mexico]; Grofactor [GRO, Laboratorios Virbac México, Guadalajara, Mexico], and Zipamix [ZIPA, Pisa Agropecuaria, Guadalajara, Mexico]) were supplemented to provide 6 mg zilpaterol hydrochloride/kg diet (as-fed basis).
Item | Treatments1) | SEM | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
None | Zilmax | Grofactor | Zipamix | ||
Hot carcass weight (kg) | 31.17a | 33.38b | 33.25b | 33.35b | 0.44 |
Dressing percentage | 59.73a | 62.16b | 61.29ab | 61.61b | 0.06 |
Cold carcass weight (kg) | 30.50a | 32.80b | 32.67b | 32.73b | 0.43 |
LM area (cm2) | 18.04a | 20.83b | 21.60b | 21.69b | 0.55 |
Fat thickness (cm) | 0.273ab | 0.237c | 0.258bc | 0.298a | 0.012 |
Kidney pelvic and heart fat (%) | 3.36a | 2.63b | 2.90ab | 2.86ab | 0.17 |
Shoulder composition (%) | |||||
Muscle | 63.85 | 65.87 | 65.64 | 65.40 | 0.65 |
Fat | 16.84a | 13.97b | 15.80ab | 15.68ab | 0.85 |
Muscle to fat ratio | 3.76a | 4.84b | 4.26ab | 4.23ab | 0.35 |
1) Sources of zilpaterol hydrochloride (Zilmax [ZIL, MSD Salud Animal Mexico, Estado de Mexico, Mexico]; Grofactor [GRO, Laboratorios Virbac México, Guadalajara, Mexico], and Zipamix [ZIPA, Pisa Agropecuaria, Guadalajara, Mexico]) were supplemented to provide 6 mg zilpaterol hydrochloride/kg diet (as-fed basis).
Item | Treatments1) | SEM | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
None | Zilmax | Grofactor | Zipamix | ||
Whole cuts (kg) | |||||
Forequater | 6.57 | 6.99 | 7.01 | 6.99 | 0.15 |
Hindquarter | 5.60a | 6.31b | 6.37b | 6.25b | 0.12 |
Shoulder | 2.37 | 2.42 | 2.59 | 2.49 | 0.07 |
Shoulder IMPS206 | 1.40 | 1.39 | 1.37 | 1.43 | 0.09 |
Leg IMPS233 | 3.72a | 4.23b | 4.14b | 4.16b | 0.09 |
Loin IMPS231 | 1.12a | 1.29ab | 1.36b | 1.27ab | 0.06 |
Rack IMPS204 | 1.08 | 1.10 | 1.15 | 1.15 | 0.04 |
Short rib | 1.12 | 1.28 | 1.23 | 1.21 | 0.06 |
Flank IMPS232 | 0.76 | 0.79 | 0.85 | 0.81 | 0.04 |
Breast IMPS209 | 0.60 | 0.81 | 0.68 | 0.71 | 0.08 |
Whole cuts (as percentage of cold carcass weight) | |||||
Forequater | 43.07 | 42.55 | 42.90 | 42.69 | 0.61 |
Hindquarter | 36.77a | 38.55b | 39.07b | 38.12ab | 0.47 |
Shoulder | 15.52 | 14.74 | 15.88 | 15.19 | 0.38 |
Shoulder IMPS206 | 9.22 | 8.46 | 8.31 | 8.80 | 0.56 |
Leg IMPS233 | 24.46a | 25.84b | 25.43ab | 25.39ab | 0.43 |
Loin IMPS231 | 7.34 | 7.87 | 8.33 | 7.82 | 0.35 |
Rack IMPS204 | 7.05 | 6.70 | 7.03 | 7.08 | 0.23 |
Short rib | 7.35 | 7.75 | 7.52 | 7.40 | 0.32 |
Flank IMPS232 | 4.97 | 4.84 | 5.25 | 4.91 | 0.25 |
Breast IMPS209 | 3.94 | 4.90 | 4.19 | 4.24 | 0.47 |
1) Sources of zilpaterol hydrochloride (Zilmax [ZIL, MSD Salud Animal Mexico, Estado de Mexico, Mexico]; Grofactor [GRO, Laboratorios Virbac México, Guadalajara, Mexico], and Zipamix [ZIPA, Pisa Agropecuaria, Guadalajara, Mexico]) were supplemented to provide 6 mg zilpaterol hydrochloride/kg diet (as-fed basis).
Item | Treatments1) | SEM | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
None | Zilmax | Grofactor | Zilpamix | ||
Gastrointestinal tract fill (kg) | 4.33 | 3.48 | 3.84 | 4.01 | 0.29 |
Empty body weight (kg) | 47.87 | 50.22 | 50.24 | 50.11 | 0.50 |
Empty body weight (% of full weight) | 91.73a | 93.51b | 92.85ab | 92.60ab | 0.49 |
Full viscera (kg) | 7.65 | 6.68 | 7.19 | 7.31 | 0.32 |
Organs (g/kg, empty body weight) | |||||
Stomach complex | 28.15 | 26.21 | 26.34 | 25.96 | 0.79 |
Intestines | 41.33 | 40.11 | 40.39 | 40.57 | 1.97 |
Liver/spleen | 21.12a | 17.48b | 17.64b | 18.92b | 0.69 |
Heart/lungs | 20.69 | 20.28 | 19.10 | 19.67 | 0.84 |
Visceral fat | 33.76a | 28.37b | 34.52a | 29.31b | 1.41 |
1) Sources of zilpaterol hydrochloride [Zilmax (ZIL, MSD Salud Animal Mexico, Estado de Mexico, Mexico); Grofactor (GRO, Laboratorios Virbac México, Guadalajara, Mexico), and Zipamix (ZIPA, Pisa Agropecuaria, Guadalajara, Mexico)] were supplemented to provide 6 mg zilpaterol hydrochloride/kg diet (as-fed basis).
Item | Treatments | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||
None | Zilmax | Grofactor | Zipamix | |
Costs | ||||
Feed1) | 7.77 | 8.08 | 7.98 | 8.03 |
Processing practice2) | 1.39 | 1.39 | 1.39 | 1.39 |
Zilpaterol supplementation3) | -- | 0.604 | 0.441 | 0.432 |
Total cost/phase | 9.16 | 10.07 | 9.81 | 9.85 |
Income (selling LW)4) | 12.97 | 20.81 | 19.96 | 20.58 |
Net income | 3.81 | 10.73 | 10.15 | 10.73 |
Difference | --- | +6.92 | +6.34 | +6.92 |
Income (selling carcass)5) | 14.76 | 24.64 | 23.34 | 24.15 |
Net income | 5.32 | 14.28 | 13.25 | 14.02 |
Difference | --- | +8.96 | +7.93 | +8.70 |